Please note
There is a minor controversy regarding this plant. Taxonomists separate E. sativa, considered to be the cultivated type, from E. vesicaria, considered to be the wild type. Taxonomically the cultivated form is a subspecies of E. vesicaria.
The vernacular, in most language, does not differenciate between the two. To make matters worse many names of plants other than Eruca have crept into the Eruca vocabulary. Examples are the Spanish Jaramago (a Sisymbrium or a Diplotaxis) various mustard names in other languages etc. So this compilation, as thoroughly researched as it has been calls for some caution. Simplistically speaking this plant can be called by any of the common names listed under Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. It will be correct in one language somewhere in the world.
Eruca sativa Mill.
Brassica eruca L., Brassica erucoides Hornem., Brassica erucoides Roxb., Brassica hispida Ten., Brassica lativalvis Boiss., Brassica sativa (Mill.) Y.Z.Zhao, nom. illeg., Brassica turgida Pers., Brassica uechtritziana Janka, Crucifera eruca E.H.L.Krause, Eruca cappadocica Reut. ex Boiss., Eruca cappadocica Reut., Eruca cappadocica var. eriocarpa Boiss., Eruca eruca (L.) Asch. & Graebn., not validly publ., Eruca foetida Moench, Eruca glabrescens Jord., Eruca glabrescens var. valverdensis Pit., Eruca grandiflora Cav., Eruca hispida (Ten.) DC., nom. illeg., Eruca lativalvis Boiss., Eruca longirostris var. leptocarpa Pau, Eruca longistyla Pomel, Eruca oleracea J.St.-Hil., Eruca orthosepala (Lange) Lange, Eruca permixta Jord., Eruca ruchetta Spach, Eruca sativa var. dasycarpa Rouy & Foucaud, Eruca sativa var. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Post, Eruca sativa var. hispida Rouy & Foucaud, Eruca sativa var. hispida (Ten.) J.Groves, Eruca sativa subsp. lativalvis (Boiss.) Greuter & Burdet, Eruca subbipinnata Chiov., Eruca sylvestris Bubani, Eruca vesicaria var. cappadocica (Reut. ex Boiss.) P.Fourn., Eruca vesicaria subvar. hispida (Ten.) Thell., Eruca vesicaria subvar. oleracea (J.St.-Hil.) Emb. & Maire, Eruca vesicaria subsp. lativalvis (Boiss.) Thell., Eruca vesicaria subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell., Eruca vesicaria var. orthosepala Lange, Eruca vesicaria var. sativa (Mill.) Thell., Euzomum hispidum Link, Euzomum sativum Link, Raphanus eruca (L.) Crantz, Sinapis eruca (L.) Vest, Sinapis exotica DC.
CHINESE : 绵果芝麻菜 Mián guǒ zhīma cài (as var. eriocarpa).
ENGLISH : Cultivated rocket, Italian cress, Purple-vein Rocket, Rocket salad, Woolly-fruited rocket (as var. eriocarpa).
FRENCH : Roquette cultivée, Roquette des jardins, Roquette du Maroc.
PORTUGUESE : Oruga sativa.
SPANISH : Arúgula, Arrúgula, Chacuacumba (Mexico), Jaramago blanco, Jazamango, Oruga, Rábano blanco (Mexico), Rabanillo (Mexico), Roqueta, Rúcula, Rúgula, Zarmao (Mexico).
Eruca sativa var. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Post -> Eruca sativa Mill.
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav.
Brassica vesicaria L., Eruca sativa subsp. vesicaria (L.) Jahand. & Maire, nom. superfl., Eruca sativa var. vesicaria (L.) Coss., nom. superfl., Eruca vesicaria var. albiflora DC., Eruca vesicaria var. flaviflora DC., Eruca vesicaria subsp. vesicaria (L.) Cav., nom. illeg., Euzomum vesicarium (L.) Link, Raphanus vesicarius (L.) Crantz, Velleruca vesicaria (L.) Pomel
ARABIC : جرجير مزروع jarjir mazrue, جرجير jirjir.
ARMENIAN : Ճարճրուկ ցանովի Charchruk ts’anovi.
AZERBAIJANI : Əkin indausu, اکین اینداوسو Akin ndawso.
BELARUSIAN : Індаў пасяўны Indaŭ pasiaŭny, Рукола Rukola.
BENGALI : রকেট সালাদ Rakēṭa sālāda.
BULGARIAN : Эрука Eruka, Рокет Roket, Рукола Rukola, Руколата Rukolata.
CATALAN : Card eruga, Card d’oruga, Herba mentiosa, Ruca, Ruca pudent.
CHINESE : 火箭菜 Huǒjiàn cài, 芝麻菜 Zhīma cài.
CZECH : Roketa setá.
DANISH : Rucola, Sennepskål.
DUTCH : Raketsla, Rucola, Zwaardherik.
ENGLISH : Garden rocket, Gerger leaves (India), Mediterranean rocket, Rocket, Salad rocket, Wild rocket.
ESTONIAN : Põld-võõrkapsas.
FINNISH : Sinappikaali.
FRENCH : Roquette, Roquette commune, Roquette sauvage.
GEORGIAN : რუკოლა ruk’ola.
GERMAN : Garten-Senfrauke, Ölrauke, Rauke, Rucola, Salat-Rauke.
GREEK : Άγρια χόρτα Ágria chórta, Άγρια Ρόκα Ágria Róka, Αγριόροκα Agrióroka, Αζούματο Azoúmato, Ερούκα η εδώδιμος Eroúka i edódimos, Έρουκα η ήμερη Érouka i ímeri, Ρόκα Róka, Ζούματα Zoúmata.
HEBREW : בֶּן=חַרְדָּל מָצוּי been=harddal matzuy, בן-חרדל מצוי ben-hardel metzuy.
HINDI : तारामीरा Taarameera, तारामीरा बीज taaraameera beej (seeds).
HUNGARIAN : Borsmustár.
ICELANDIC : Klettasalat.
ITALIAN : Ruca, Ruchetta, Rucola, Rucoli.
JAPANESE : キバナスズシロ Kibana suzu shiro, ロケツト Roketsuto, ルッコラ Rukkora, サラダロケツト Saradaroketsuto.
KAZAKH : Егістік қышатүс Egistik qışatüs.
KOREAN : 루콜라 lukolla.
LITHUANIAN : Rukola, Sėjamoji gražgarstė.
MALAYALAM : അറൂഗ്യുള aroogyula.
NEPALESE : तारामिरा Tārāmirā.
NORWEGIAN : Rucola, Salatsennep, Sennepskål.
PASHTO : اکین اینداوسو akin endaoso.
PERSIAN : راکت rakt , موشک mooshk, شابانک shabank.
POLISH : Rokietta siewna, Rukolą.
PORTUGUESE : Agrião da terra (Brazil), Agrião mostarda, Aroca, Eroca, Eruca, Fedorenta, Mostarda persa (Brazil), Oruga, Pinchão (Brazil), Rúcula.
PUNJABI : ਤਾਰਾ ਮੀਰਾ Tārā mīrā, تارا میرا Tara mira.
RUSSIAN : Эрука посевная Eruka posevnaya, Гусеничник посевной Gusenichnik posevnoy, Индау посевной Indau posevnoy, Руккола Rukkola, Рукола Rukola.
SERBIAN : Рукола Rukola.
SINDHI : ڄانڀو jambho.
SINHALESE : රොකට් කොළ rokaṭ koḷa.
SLOVENIAN : Navadna rukvica.
SPANISH : Aballicos, Alhuceña, Aruga, Arugua, Arúgula, Berza alhuceña, Cardoruga (Majorca), Eruca, Eruga, Hierba meona, Jamargo, Jamargo blanco, Jamarguillo, Jaramago, Oruga blanca, Oruga de barrancos, Oruga pestosa, Oruga roqueta, Oruga vejigosa, Pestosas, Picograjo, Rabaniza blanca, Roqueta, Ruca, Rucas, Tamarillas.*
SWEDISH : Senapskål.
THAI : ผักร็อคเก็ต pas rók-gèt , ร็อคเก็ต rók-gèt.
TURKISH : Roka.
UKRAINIAN : Эрука посівна Eruka posivna, Гусеничник посівний hýsenychnyk posivnyy, Індау посівний Indau posivnyy, Рокет-салат городній Roket-salat horodniy, Руге́та Ruhéta, Рукола Rukola, Руккола Rukkola.
UPPER SORBIAN : Běła hórčica.
URDU : تارا میرا taara mera, راکٹ کے پتے roct ke pate.
*Most of these Spanish names are meant to apply to E. vesicaria only.
Eruca vesicaria (L.) Cav. subsp. sativa (Mill.) Thell. -> Eruca sativa Mill.
